Principles of Horticulture

Content

A Glimpse of Horticulture
The nature of horticulture
The plant
Outdoor food production
Vegetable production
Fruit production
Service horticulture
Establishment
Interior plant care
Organic growing

Climate and microclimate
The Sun's energy
Weather and climate
Climate of the British Isles
The growing season
World climates
Local climate
Measurement
Temperature
Precipitation
Humidity
Wind
Light

Environment and ecology
Plant communities
Ecosystems
Environmental factors and plant growth
Conservation

Classification and naming
The classification of plants
Kingdom Plantae
Nomenclature
Further classifications of plants
Non-plant kingdoms
Viruses

External characteristics of the plant
Plant form
Adaptations
Plant size and growth rate
Plant form in design

Plant cells and tissues
The anatomy of the plant
The cell
Tissues of the stem
Stem growth
Secondary growth

Plant reproduction
Flowers
The seed
The fruiting plant
Reproduction in simple multicellular green plants

Plant growth
Photosynthesis

Transport in the plant
Water
Minerals
Sugars

Pollination and fertilization
Introductory principles
Pollination
The genetic code
Cell Division
Inheritance of characteristics
Other breeding programmes
Polyploids
Triploids
Mutations
The Plant Varieties and Seeds Act, 1964
Gene Banking

Plant development
Growth and development
Seeds
The seeding
The vegetative plant
Vegetative propagation
The flowering plant
The ageing plant

Plant propagation
Seed propagation
Sowing and aftercare in protected environments
Sowing in the open
Vegetative propagation
Characteristics of propagation from vegetative parts
Natural vegetative propagation
Divisions
Rhizomes
Bulbs
Artificial methods of propagation
Cuttings
Budding and grafting
Tissue culture

Weeds
Damage
Weed identification
Weed biology
Ephemeral weeds
Annual weeds
Perennial weeds
Mosses and liverworts

Horticultural pests
Mammal pests
Bird pests
Mollusc pests
Nematode pests

Horticultural diseases and disorders
Fungi
Leaf and flower diseases
Stem diseases
Root diseases
Bacteria
Viruses
Physiological disorders

Plant protection
Physical control
Cultural control
Biological control
Chemical control
Herbicides
Insecticides and acaricides
Nematicides
Fungicides
Formulations
Application of herbicides and pesticides
Toxicity aspects of pesticides
Selection for plant resistance
Integrated control
Supervised control
Legislative control

Physical properties of soil
Plant requirements
Composition of soil
Formation of soils
Natural soil profiles
Soils of the British Isles
Topsoil and subsoil
Soil components
Soil texture
Soil structure
Cultivations
Management of main soil types

Soil organic matter
Organic matter in soil
Living organisms in the soil
Nutrient cycles
Dead organic matter in the soil
Organic matter levels
Organic soils
Benefits of organic matter
Addition of organic matter
Green manures
Composting
Mulching



Soil water

Wetting of a dry soil
Drying of a wet soil
Drainage
Irrigation
Water quality
Water conservation

Soil pH
The importance of soil pH
Measuring pH
Changes in soil pH
Effects of soil pH
Plant selection
Changing soil pH

Plant nutrition
Major nutrients
Minor nutrients
Sources of nutrients
Fertilizer programmes
Soil conductivity

Alternatives to growing in the soil
Alternative growing media
Compost ingredients
Plant containers
Hydroponics
Sports surfaces

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