Edible Plant Species

Eucalyptus dumosa A. Cunn. Myrtaceae. MALLEE.
Australia.
A manna called lerp is produced upon the leaves, which the natives use for food. It is said to be a secretion from an insect.

E. gunnii Hook. f. CIDER TREE.
Australia.
This plant yields a cool, refreshing liquid from wounds made in the bark during spring.

E. oleosa F. Muell. MALLEE.
Australia.
The water drained from the roots is clear and good and is used by the natives of Queensland when no other water is obtainable.

E. terminalis F. Muell.
Australia.
Manna is procured from the leaves and small branches.

Eucheuna speciosum Berk. Algae. JELLY PLANT.
This is the jelly plant of Australia and is one of the best species for making jelly, size and cement.

Euclea pseudebenus E. Mey. Ebenaceae.
South Africa.
The fleshy, glaucous, brownish fruits, the size of a pea, are sweet and slightly astringent and are eaten by the natives of South Africa under the name embolo.

E. undulata Thunb.
South Africa.
The small, black berry is edible. This is the guarri bush of South Africa. The sweet berries are eaten by the Hottentots or, bruised and fermented, they yield a vinegar.

Eugenia acris Wight & Am. Myrtaceae. WILD CLOVE.
East Indies and West Indies.
In Jamaica, the aromatic, astringent leaves are often used in sauce and the berries for culinary purposes.8 In Hindustan, it is called lung.

E. apiculata DC.
Chile.
The fruit is eaten.

E. aquea Burm. f.
A tree of India, called lal jumrool.
The fruit is the size of a small apple, is of a waxy appearance and of somewhat aromatic taste but is hardly Eatable. There are two varieties, a white and a pale rose-colored fruit.

E. arnottiana Wight.
East Indies.
The fruit is eaten by the natives of India, though, owing to its. astringency, it is by no means palatable.

E. arrabidae Berg.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. brasiliensis Lam. BRAZIL CHERRY.
Brazil.
This species furnishes an edible fruit. It is grown under the name of Brazil cherry in the Public Gardens of Jamaica.

E. (Caryophyllus) caryophyllata (aromaticus_ Thunb. CLOVE.)
The clove tree is a handsome evergreen, native of the Moluccas. It was introduced to the Mauritius in 1770, thence to Cayenne in 1773; to Zanzibar about the end of the century and to Jamaica in 1789. The cloves of commerce are the unexpanded flower-buds. Cloves were known to the ancient Greek and Roman writers. They were brought from the far East to Ceylon in the days of Cosmas Indicopleustes, in the first half of the sixth century, and were known in the Mediterranean countries to Paulus Aegineta, A. D. 634. Clove stalks were an article of import into Europe during the Middle Ages. Clove leaves were imported into Palestine in the twelfth century and were sold at Frankfort in Germany about 1450. The stalks are still an object of trade from Zanzibar, where they are called by the natives vikunia; they are tolerably aromatic, and are used for adulterating ground cloves. For many years, the Dutch exercised a strict monopoly in the growth of this spice, by restricting its cultivation to the island of Amboina and even Extirpating all but a limited number of the trees, but they are now grown in the West Indies and elsewhere.

E. catinga Baill.
Guiana.
The fruit is eaten.

E. cauliflora Berg.
Brazil.
The jacbuticaba grows wild in the woods of the south of Brazil and is also cultivated in most of the gardens in the diamond and gold districts. The fruit is black, about the size of a Green Gage plum, of a pulpy consistency and very refreshing. Unger says the fruit is of the size of an Oxheart cherry and under the tender, black epidermis there is a white, soft and even juicy flesh in which are two or three seeds. It is inferior in taste to our cherry. In Brazil, it is much esteemed. It has been planted in the Antilles and even introduced into the East Indies.

E. cordifolia Wight.
Ceylon.
The fruit is an inch in diameter.

E. darwinii Hook. f.
Chile.
The fruits are eaten.

E. dichotoma DC.
North America and West Indies.
The small, edible fruit is of an agreeable, aromatic flavor.

E. disticha DC. WILD COFFEE.
Jamaica.
The fruit is eaten in the Antilles.

E. djouat Perr.
Philippine Islands.
It yields an edible fruit.

E. dulcis Berg.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. dysenterica DC.
Brazil.
This is an excellent dessert fruit.

E. edulis Benth. & Hook. f.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. floribunda West.
Santa Cruz.
The fruit is edible.

E. formosa Cambess.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. fragrans Willd. ZEBRA-WOOD.
West Indies.
The fruit is eaten in the Antilles.

E. guabiju Berg.
Region of Argentina.
The berries are eaten in Brazil.

E. inocarpa DC.
Brazil.
The fruit is about the size of a plum, with a fibrous., acid-sweet flesh.

E. itacolumensis Berg.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. jambolana Lam. BLACK PLUM. JAMBOLAN. JAMBOLAN PLUM. JAMBOOL. JAMBU. JAVA PLUM.
Asia and Australian tropics.
This tree yields in India, says Dutt, an abundant crop of subacid, edible fruits. In some places, the fruit attains the size of a pigeon egg and is of superior quality. Brandis says the fruit has a harsh but sweetish flavor, somewhat astringent and acid, and is much eaten by the natives of India. Firminger compares it to a damson in appearance and to a radish in taste.

E. jambos Linn. MALABAR PLUM. ROSE APPLE.
Tropical eastern Asia.
The tree is cultivated in many parts of India for its fruit, which is of the size of a small apple, with a delicate, rose-water perfume but dry and hardly worth eating. It can hardly be considered Eatable, being of a poor flavor and of a dry, pithy consistency but is made into preserves. The tree was introduced into Jamaica in 1762. The rind, says Lunan, has a sweetish, watery taste, with a flavor like roses but it is not in much esteem as a fruit. It was introduced into Florida by C. Codrington, Jacksonville, before 1877.

E. javanica Lam. JAMBOSA. JUMROOL.
A moderate-sized tree of the islands of the Indian Archipelago.
The fruit is the size of a small apple, pure white, shining, wax-like and has a raw, watery, insipid taste. It is hardly fit to be eaten.

E. ligustrina Miq.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten in Brazil.

E. lineata DC. GUAVA BERRY.
West Indies.
A small tree of Tortola. The fruit is small and excellent for dessert. It is also used for a preserve and forms a favorite cordial.

E. longipes Berg.
Florida.
The small, red fruit with the flavor of cranberries is edible.

E. luschnathiana Klotzsch.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. mabaeoides Wight.
Ceylon.
The fruit is the size of a small cherry.

E. macrocarpa Roxb.
East Indies, where it is called chalta-jamb.
The fruit is eaten by the natives.

E. makapa Mer. et Lens (?). JAMBOSINE.
This tree is cultivated in the Mauritius under several varieties. The fruit is pear-shaped and edible. The jambosine was introduced into Florida at Jacksonville before 1877.

E. malaccensis Linn. JAMBOS. LARGE-FRUITED ROSE APPLE. MALAY APPLE. ROSE APPLE.
A tree of the Moluccas, cultivated in the Indian Archipelago, Pacific islands, China and India. The fruit,"" says Capt. Cook, at Batavia, ""is of" a deep red color and an oval shape; the largest, which are always the best, are not bigger than a small apple; they are pleasant and cooling, though they have not much flavor." Rheede says the fruit is of the size and shape of a moderate pear, white with a blush of red, of a very agreeable, vinous taste and smell. Firminger says the fruit is of the size and form of a very small apple, perfectly smooth, of a pure, translucent white, with a beautiful blush of crimson and that some persons eat it but it is not worth eating. Seemann says that it is quince-shaped, with an apple-like smell and delicate flavor. In 1839, a specimen of the fruit grown under glass at Cambridge, Massachusetts, was exhibited at the Massachusetts Horticultural Society's exhibition and the fruit was pronounced most delicious, partaking of the fragrance of the rose with the sweetness of the peach. The flowers are preserved by the Dutch at Amboina and are frequently eaten as a salad.

E. myrobalana DC.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten in Brazil.

E. nhanica Cambess.
Brazil.
The berries are used as a table fruit.

E. oblata Roxb.
East Indies.
It is called goolam and is cultivated for its fruit.

E. operculata Roxb.
Tropical Asia.
The fruit is round, of the size and appearance of small, black cherries and is very generally eaten in Chittagong. The fruit is Eaten.

E. pisiformis Cambess.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten.

E. pitanga Kiaersk. PITANGA.
Brazil.
Hartt says its refreshingly acid, red fruit is eaten.

E. procera Poir. IRONWOOD.
Santo Domingo and south Florida, where it is called ironwood. The round berry, the size of a pepper, is edible.

E. pseudopsidium Jacq.
Martinique.
The fruit is edible and is held in considerable esteem in the West Indies.

E. pulchella Roxb.
Moluccas.
It bears a fruit like the black currant.

E. pumila Gardn.
Brazil.
The berries are eaten in Guiana.

E. pyriformis Cambess.
Brazil.
The fruit is the size of a pear.

E. rariflora Benth.
Fiji Islands.
The fruit resembles a cherry in size and shape and is Edible.

E. revoluta Wight.
East Indies.
The berries are an inch in diameter.

E. richii A. Gray.
Pacific islands.
In Viti, the agreeably-smelling fruit is eaten.

E. suborbicularis Benth.
Australia.
The fruit is large, red, with small stone and is eaten when ripe.

E. supraaxillaris Spring. TALA.
Southern Brazil.
The fruit is large and edible.

E. temu Hook. & Arn.
Chile.
The fruit is eaten.

E. uniflora Linn. BRAZIL CHERRY. CAYENNE CHERRY. PITANGA. SURINAM CHERRY.
Tropical America, where it is called pitanga.
In India, this species appears to be cultivated under the names of Brazil cherry and cherry of Cayenne. The fruit of this large shrub is about the size of a button and is considered agreeable by the natives.

E. zeyheri Harv.
South Africa.
The berries are the size of a cherry and are edible.

Eulophia campestris Wall. Orchideae. SALEP.
East Indies.
This plant furnishes the salep collected in Cashmere.

E. herbacea Lindl. SALEP.
East Indies.
This species furnishes the salep of the Indian bazaars known as saleb misri.

Euonymus japonicus Linn. f. Celastraceae. JAPANESE SPINDLE TREE.
China and Japan.
In China, the leaves of this tree are eaten when young.

Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl. Compositae.
Tropical America.
An infusion of the leaves has an agreeable and somewhat spicy taste and is a good diet drink. Dyer says the plant is now chiefly cultivated at the island of Bourbon, for the purpose of being dried and sent to France, where it is used as a tea substitute.

Euphorbia balsamifera Ait. Euphorbiaceae. BALSAM SPURGE.
Canary Islands.
Its juice is thickened to a jelly and eaten by the natives.

E. canariensis Linn.
Canary Islands.
The natives of Teneriffe are in the habit of removing the bark and then sucking the inner portion of the stem to quench their thirst.

E. edulis Lour.
Cochin China.
It is mentioned as a potherb.

E. lathyris Linn. CAPER SPURGE.
Southern Europe.
The seeds are used as a substitute for capers but, says Johnson, they are extremely acrid and require long steeping in salt and water and afterwards in vinegar.

Euphoria (Litchi) informis Poir. Sapindaceae.
Cochin China.
Its fruit is eaten in China.

Euryale ferox Salisb. Nymphaeceae (Euryalaceae). GORGON. PRICKLY WATER-LILY.
East India and China.
This aquatic plant is frequently cultivated in India and China for its floury seeds. In China, it is said to have been in cultivation for upwards of 3000 years. The fruit is round, soft, pulpy and the size of a small orange; it contains from 8 to 15 round, black seeds as large as peas, which are eaten roasted. The pulp is also eaten. Smith says, in China, it is much cultivated for the stems, rhizomes and seeds, all of which contain much starch and are eaten.

Euterpe edulis Mart. Palmae. ASSAI PALM.
Tropical America.
The long, terminal bud of this Brazilian palm is pronounced by Gardner equal to asparagus in flavor when cooked.

E. montana R. Grah.
Islands of New Spain.
The terminal leaf-bud is used as a cabbage.

E. oleracea Mart. ASSAI PALM.
Brazil.
Bates says the fruit forms a universal article of diet in all parts of Brazil. It is the size of a cherry, round and contains but a small portion of pulp, which is made, with the addition of water, into a thick, violetcolored beverage. Mrs. Agassiz pronounces this diet drink as very good, Eaten with sugar and farina of the mandioc. The terminal leaf-bud is used as a cabbage.

Eutrema wasabi Maxim. Cruciferae. JAPANESE HORSERADISH.
Japan.
This is Japanese horseradish, which grows wild on the coast and is cultivated in small quantities, rasped and eaten with fish. The best roots are cultivated only in clear spring water running down the mountain valleys.