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Among all living organisms, flowers, which are the reproductive structures of angiosperms, are the most varied physically and show the greatest diversity in methods of reproduction of all biological systems.
The biosphere as usually defined is the thin outer layer of the earth capable of supporting life. It is probably best viewed as a global system that includes all life on earth and the physical environments in which living organisms exist and interact.
Plants appeared on land about 425 million years ago and the evolutionary history of the plant kingdom reflects increasing adaptation to the terrestrial environment. Plants have organs and organ systems.
Germplasm theory of Weismann was a very significant advancement in our understanding of heredity, since this was for the first time that a distinction between hereditary and environmental variations could be made on a sound basis.
Coenzymes are small organic molecules that function with thousands of different enzymes in all organisms, assisting in the catalytic processes needed for life. They often contain vitamins as components.
Ameboid movement is a form of movement especially characteristic of amebas and other unicellular forms; it is also found in many wandering cells of metazoans, such as white blood cells, embryonic mesenchyme, and numerous other mobile cells that move throu
The Chloroflexi (Chlorobacteria) are a class of bacteria that produce energy through photosynthesis. They make up the bulk of the filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs
Three different prokaryotic DNA polymerases are known, of which DNA polymerases I and II are meant for DNA repair and DNA polymerase IN is meant for actual DNA replication
In vertebrates, the actual tissue from which gonads arise appears in early development as a pair of genital ridges, growing into the coelom from the dorsal coelomic lining on each side of the hind-gut near the anterior end of the kidney (mesonephros).
A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria. Like all viruses, phages are obligate intracellular parasites, devoid of protein synthesizing machinery and energy conversion systems.
Discovery of the essentiality of nitrogen is often credited to de Saussure (1-3), who in 1804 recognized that nitrogen was a vital constituent of plants, and that nitrogen was obtained mainly from the soil.
Mutations are heritable changes in the genetic material that give rise to alternative forms of any gene. These alternate forms are called alleles. There are two broad types of mutations, those that affect the gene and those that affect whole chromosomes (
This organism is widespread in the environment, but rare in the flora of healthy individuals. Its carriage increases with hospitalization.
Packed inside an insect no bigger than a jellybean is a venom strong enough to cause intense pain in humans - and occasionally death, in people who are allergic to it.
Horticulture may be described as the practice of growing plants in a relatively intensive manner. This contrasts with agriculture, which, in most Western European countries, relies on a high level of machinery use over an extensive area of land
The area of developmental genetics has also received major attention of geneticists in recent years to answer questions like the following. What are the relative roles of nucleus and cytoplasm in differentiation?
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