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General Biotechnology / Microbial Biotechnology
Microbial Biotechnology
Section: Features of Biotechnological Importance in Microorganisms
- Fermentation
- Microorganisms
- Cultures of microorganism
- Solid or semi-solid culture
- Batch culture
- Continuous culture
- Fed-batch culture
- Metabolic pathways in microorganisms
- Glycolysis or EMP pathway
- The entner-doudoroff pathway
- The pentose phosphate pathway
- Microbial products
- Primary metabolites
- Secondary metabolites
- Enzymes
- Microbial biomass
Section: Primary Metabolites
- Vitamins
- Vitamins B12
- Chemical structure
- Commercial production
- Organic acids
- Citric acid
- Commercial production
- Biochemistry of fermentation
- Use of organic acids
- Alcohols
- Microorganism used in alcohol production
- Fermentable substrates
- Biochemistry of fermentation
- Ethanol fermentation by yeasts
- Ethanol fermentation by bacteria
- Ethanol fermentation methods
- Distilleries producing alcohols
- Alcoholic beverages
- Wine
- Beer
- Rum
- Whisky
- Sake
- Uses of alcohols
Section: Secondary Metabolites
Section: Enzyme Technology
- Microorganisms
- Properties of enzymes
- Presence of species specificity
- Variation in activity and stability
- Substrate specificity
- Activation and inhibition
- Methods of enzyme production
- Isolation of microorganisms, strain development and preparation of inoculum
- Medium formulation and preparation
- Sterilization and inoculation of medium, maintenance of culture and fluid filtration
- Purification of enzymes
- Immobilization of enzymes
- Advantages of using immobilized enzymes
- Methods of enzyme immobilization
- Adsorption
- Covalent bonding(Ionic bonding)
- Entrapping
- Cross linking
- Encapsulation
- Effects of enzyme immobilization on enzyme stability
- Enzyme engineering
- Application of enzymes
- Therapeutic uses
- Analytical uses
- Manipulative uses
- Industrial uses
- In dairy industry
- In detergent industry
- In starch industry
- In brewingindustry
- In wine industry
- In pharmaceutical industry
- Biosensor
- Types of biosensor
- Applications of biosensor
- Biochips
- Principles of Biochips
- Application of Biochips
Section: Single Cell Protein (SCP) and Mycoprotein
- Advantages of producing microbial protein
- Microorganisms use as single cell protein (SCP)
- Substrates used for the production of SCP
- Nutritional values of SCP
- Genetic improvements of microbial cells
- Production of algal biomass
- Factors affecting biomass production
- Harvesting the algal biomass
- Spirulina as SCP, cultivation and uses
- Production of bacterial and actinomycetous biomass
- Method of production
- Factors affecting biomass production
- Product recovery
- Production of yeast biomass
- Factors affecting growth of yeast
- Recovery of yeast biomass
- Production of fungal biomass (Other than Mushrooms)
- Growth conditions
- Organic wastes as substrates
- Traditional fungal foods
- Shoyu
- Miso
- Sake
- Tempeh
- Mushroom culture
- Historical background
- Present status of mushroom culture in India
- Nutritional values
- Cultivation methods
- Obtaining pure culture
- Preparation of spawns
- Formulation and preparation of composts
- Spawning, spawn running and cropping
- Control of pathogens and pests
- Cultivation of paddy straw mushroom
- Cultivation of white button mushroom
- Cultivation of Dhingri (Pleurotus sajor-caju)
- Recipes of mushroom
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