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Plant Nutrient / Essential Elements - Macronutrients
- Macroelement Nitrogen
- Determination of Essentiality
- Nitrogen Metabolism and Nitrogenous Constituents in Plants
- Nitrate Assimilation
- Nitrate Reductase
- Nitrite Reductase
- Ammonium Assimilation
- Glutamine Synthetase
- Glutamate Synthase
- Glutamic Acid Dehydrogenase
- Transamination
- Amidation
- Proteins and Other Nitrogenous Compounds
- Diagnosis of Nitrogen Status in Plants
- Symptoms of Deficiency and Excess
- Concentrations of Nitrogen in Plants
- Concentrations of Nitrogen in Plant Parts
- Ratios of Concentrations of Nitrogen to Other Nutrients in Plants
- Nitrogen in Soils
- Forms of Nitrogen in Soils
- Organic Nitrogen in Soil
- Inorganic Nitrogen in Soil
- Soil Testing for Nitrogen
- Determinations of Total Nitrogen
- Biological Determinations of Availability Indexes
- Determination of Inorganic Nitrogen
- Ammonium
- Nitrate
- Amino Sugars
- Nitrogen Fertilizers
- Properties and Use of Nitrogen Fertilizers
- Anhydrous Ammonia: 82% N
- Aqua Ammonia: 21% N
- Urea: 46% N
- Ammonium Nitrate: 34% N
- Ammonium Sulfate: 21% N
- Nitrogen Solutions: 28–32% N
- Ammonium Phosphates: 10–21% N
- Other Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizers
- Organic Nitrogen Fertilizers: 0.2–15% N
- References
- Macroelement Phosphorus
- Introduction
- Historical Information
- Phosphorus Functions in Plants
- Nature and Transformations of Soil Phosphorus
- Diagnosing Phosphorus Deficiency
- Visual Symptoms of Deficiency and Excess
- Tissue Testing for Phosphorus
- Soil Testing for Phosphorus
- Factors Affecting Management of Phosphorus Fertilization
- Crop Response to Phosphorus
- Soil Water
- Soil Temperature
- Sources of Phosphorus
- Timing of Application of Phosphorus Fertilizers
- Placement of Phosphorus Fertilizers
- Foliar-Applied Phosphorus Fertilization
- Fertilization in Irrigation Water
- References
- Macroelement Potassium
- Historical Information
- Determination of Essentiality
- Function in Plants
- Enzyme Activation
- Protein Synthesis
- Ion Absorption and Transport
- Potassium Absorption
- Potassium Transport within Tissues
- Osmotic Function
- Photosynthesis and Respiration
- Long-Distance Transport
- Diagnosis of Potassium Status in Plants
- Symptoms of Deficiency
- Symptoms of Excess
- Concentrations of Potassium in Plants
- Assessment of Potassium Status in Soils
- Potassium-Bearing Minerals
- Potassium Fractions in Soils
- Plant-Available Potassium
- Soil Tests for Potassium Fertilizer Recommendations
- Potassium Fertilizers
- Kinds of Fertilizers
- Application of Potassium Fertilizers
- References
- Macroelement Calcium
- Historical Information
- Determination of Essentiality
- Functions in Plants
- Effects on Membranes
- Role in Cell Walls
- Effects on Enzymes
- Interactions with Phytohormones
- Other Effects
- Diagnosis of Calcium Status in Plants
- Symptoms of Deficiency and Excess
- Concentrations of Calcium in Plants
- Forms of Calcium Compounds
- Distribution of Calcium in Plants
- Calcicole and Calcifuge Species
- Critical Concentrations of Calcium
- Tabulated Data of Concentrations by Crops
- Assessment of Calcium Status in Soils
- Forms of Calcium in Soil
- Soil Tests
- Tabulated Data on Calcium Contents in Soils
- Fertilizers for Calcium
- Kinds of Fertilizer
- Application of Calcium Fertilizers
- References
- Macronutrients Magnesium
- Historical Information
- Determination of Essentiality
- Function in Plants
- Metabolic Processes
- Growth
- Fruit Yield and Quality
- Diagnosis of Magnesium Status in Plants
- Symptoms of Deficiency and Excess
- Symptoms of Deficiency
- Symptoms of Excess
- Environmental Causes of Deficiency Symptoms
- Nutrient Imbalances and Symptoms of Deficiency
- Potassium and Magnesium
- Calcium and Magnesium
- Nitrogen and Magnesium
- Sodium and Magnesium
- Iron and Magnesium
- Manganese and Magnesium
- Zinc and Magnesium
- Phosphorus and Magnesium
- Copper and Magnesium
- Chloride and Magnesium
- Aluminum and Magnesium
- Phenotypic Differences in Accumulation
- Genotypic Differences in Accumulation
- Concentrations of Magnesium in Plants
- Magnesium Constituents
- Distribution in Plants
- Seasonal Variations
- Physiological Aspects of Magnesium Allocation
- Critical Concentrations
- Tissue Magnesium Concentration Associations with Crop Yields
- Tabulated Data of Concentrations by Crops
- Assessment of Magnesium in Soils
- Forms of Magnesium in Soils
- Sodium Absorption Ratio
- Soil Tests
- Tabulated Data on Magnesium Contents in Soils
- Soil Types
- Fertilizers for Magnesium
- Kinds of Fertilizers
- Effects of Fertilizers on Plant Growth
- Application of Fertilizers
- References
- Macronutrients Sulfur (Sulphur)
- Sulfur in Plant Physiology
- Uptake, Transport, and Assimilation of Sulfate
- Foliar Uptake and Metabolism of Sulfurous Gases
- Major Organic Sulfur Compounds
- Secondary Sulfur Compounds
- Interactions between Sulfur and Other Minerals
- Nitrogen–Sulfur Interactions
- Interactions between Sulfur and Micronutrients
- Sulfur in Plant Nutrition
- Diagnosis of Sulfur Nutritional Status
- Symptomatology of Single Plants
- Symptomatology of Monocots
- Sulfur Deficiency Symptoms on a Field Scale
- Soil Analysis
- Plant Analysis
- Analytical Methods
- Assessment of Critical Nutrient Values
- Sulfur Status and Plant Health
- Sulfur Fertilization
- References
