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General Botany
Plant Science
A Brief on Botany
Introduction to Botany
Botany Subdisciplines
Plant Organisms
Plant Parts
Plant Classification
Plant Life Cycles
Plant Taxonomy
Plant Cells
General Zoology
Introduction to the Living Animal
Continuity and Evolution of Animal Life
The Diversity of Animal Life
Activity of Life
The Animal and Its Environment
Animal Defense Mechanism
Anatomy of Vertebrate Animals
Some Zoological Terms
Monitor Lizards
Medical Microbiology
Microbiology & Infection
Bacteriology
Virology
Mycology
Parasitology
Systemic Infection
Biotechnology
Introduction
About Biotechnolgy
Genes & Genetic Engineering
Plant Biotechnology
Agriculture Biotechnology
Molecular Biology of Plant Pathways
Animal Biotechnology
Microbial Biotechnology
Biotechnology & Environment
Rules & Regulations in Biotechnology
Biochemistry
Introduction
Bioenergetics
Enzyme Mechanisms
Food Colors
Glycoconjugates and Carbohydrates
Ion Transport Across Biological Membranes
Lipoprotein Cholesterol Metabolism
Membrane Structure
Natural Antioxidants in Foods
Nucleic Acid Synthesis
Protein Folding
Protein Structure
Protein Synthesis
Vitamins and Coenzymes
Cell Biology
Introduction
Cells
Biomolecules
Chromosomes
Transcription and Gene Regulation
Translation
Mutations
Bacterial Genetics and Bacteriophages
Recombinant DNA Technology
Nucleic Acid Manipulations
Eukaryotic Viruses
Cell Communication
Molecular Evolution
FAQs in Cell Biology
Genetics
Bioinformatics
Bio Lab Protocols
Cell Biology Methods
Biochemical Methods
Biotechnology Methods
Environmental Science & Engineering
Microbiology Methods
Chem Lab Protocols
Introduction & Fundamentals
Investigative Approach
Laboratory Techniques
Classical Techniques
Instrumental Techniques
Analysis Data
Edible Plant Species
Medicinal Plants
Introduction
Alkaloids
Medicinal Plants: Present & Future
Classification & Identification
Production & Management on Farm
Cultivation
Mulching Practices
Plant Nutrition
Introduction
Macro Elements (Nutrients)
Micro Elements (Nutrients)
Other Important Elements
Kingdom Plantae
Introduction
Explore - Classification Wise
List of Genus - Alphabetically
List of Families - Alphabetically
Horticulture
Introduction to Horticulture
Principles of Horticulture
Small Farm Resources
Gardening
Floriculture
Algae
Introduction
Algal Divisions
Anatomy
Internal Features
Algal Genetics
How Algae Move
Algae & Light Information
Photoreceptor Apparata
Algal Chloroplasts
Photosynthesis
Biogeochemical Role
Working with light
Algal culture
Algae & Men
Universal Ancestors
Introduction
Chlorobacteria
Hadobacteria
Cyanobacteria
Gracilicutes
Eurybacteria
Endobacteria
Actinobacteria
Neomura
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Introduction to Botany
The Origin of Life
The Theory of Spontaneous Generation
Life Viewed Through the Microscope
A Modern-day Theory
The Cell
The Cell Doctrine
Mitochondria
Golgi Bodies
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Nuclear Membrane
Cell Membrane
Cell Walls
Chloroplasts
Cilia
Plastids
Vacuoles
A Single-celled Imposter
Mitosis and Meiosis
The Basics of Mitosis
Plant Mitosis
The Basics of Meiosis
Aberrations in Mitosis and Cellular Composition
Chemistry
Empirical and Structural Formulas
Alcohols
Organic Acids
Amino Acids
Polymers
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Mendelian Genetics
Pre-Mendelian Theorists and Theories
Gregor Mendel
Mendel’s Laws
Mendel’s Experiments
Applying Genetics
DNA
The Search for the Substance of Heredity
The Structure of DNA
The Functions of DNA
Amino Acids
Transfer RNA
Enzymes
Mutations in DNA
Gene Repression
Viruses
T-2 Bacteriophage
Plant Viruses
Physical Properties of Protoplasm
Composition of Protoplasm
Colloids
Diffusion
Photosynthesis
Early Research
Modern-day Research
Chlorophyll
Light
Electron Transfer
The Calvin Cycle
The C
4
Plants
The CAM Carbon Pathway
Respiration and Fermentation
The ATP Molecule
Respiration and Photosynthesis
The Anaerobic and Aerobic Pathways
Hydrogenation
The Carbon Cycle
Bacteria
Is Bacteria a Plant?
The Original Bacteria
Modern, Aerobic Bacteria
Characteristics of Bacteria
Benefits of Bacteria
Hazards of Bacteria
Identifying Bacteria
Bacterial Growth
The Blue-green Algae
Primordial Ooze
Characteristics of the Blue-green Algae
Types of Blue-green Algae
The Green Algae
The Volvacine Line
The Tetrasporine Line
The Siphonous Line
Green Alga or Bryophyta?
Phaeophyta: The Brown Algae
Products from Brown Algae
Reproduction in Brown Algae
Rhodophyceae: The Red Algae
Bangiophycidae
Floridiophycidae
Other Algae
Xanthophyta: The Yellow-green Algae
Euglenophyta
Chrysophyta
Pyrrophyta
Acetabularia: A Green Alga
Fungi
Fungi Classification
Myxomycetes
Phycomycetes
Chytridiomycetes
Zygomycetes
Oomycetes
The Ascomycetes
Reproduction in Ascomycetes
Fruiting Bodies
Yeasts
Pathogenic Ascomycetes
Penicillium and Aspergillus
Morels and Truffles
Ergot
The Basidiomycetes
Rusts
Smuts
Puffballs
Mycorrhiza
Fungi Imperfecti
Problems in Classification
Moniliales
Lichens
Reproduction in Lichens
The Members of a Lichen
Growth of Lichens
Products from Lichens
Lichens and the Doctrine of Signatures
Plant Classification
Early Efforts at Plant Classification
Carolus Linnaeus
The Theory of Evolution
Problems in Classification
Monophyletic or Polyphyletic?
System of Plant Classification
What Is a Species?
Bryophytes: The Liverworts, Hornworts, and Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts
Mosses
Pteridophytes: The Ferns, Club Mosses, and Horsetails
Ferns
Club Mosses
Horsetails
Tissues
Meristematic Tissue
Simple Tissues and Complex Tissues
Gymnosperms
The First Seed Plants
Classifying the Gymnosperms
Coniferales
Ginkgo biloba
Angiosperms
Life Cycle
Lilies
Comparing Angiosperms to Gymnosperms
Hormones
In Search of Auxin
Other Plant Hormones
Biological Clocks
Circadian Rhythms
Gonyaulax polyedra
Plant Nutrition
Required Minerals
Determining Mineral Needs
Symptoms of Improper Nutrition
Stems
The Woody Dicot Stem
The Herbaceous Dicot Stem
The Monocot Stem
Roots
Contributors to Root Growth
Root Hairs
Structure of a Root
Casparian Strip
Root Growth
Leaves
Simple versus Compound Leaves
Transpiration
Leaves and Transplanting
Guttation
Structure of a Leaf
Leaves and Plant Classification and Identification
Flowers
How Flowers Are Formed
Variations in Flowers
Evolutionary Modifications in Flowers
Fruits and Seeds
Forms of Fruit
Seed Structure and Characteristics
Functions of Seeds
Variations in Seed Composition
Seed Longevity
Seed Germination
Reproduction
Other Methods of Propagation
Division
Layering
Cuttings
Grafting
Evolution
Early Changes in Thought
Charles Darwin
The Tenets of Darwinian Theory
Other Theories of Evolution
The First Organisms
Prokaryotic Life
Eukaryotic Life
The Emergence of Seed Plants
Grasses
Human Life
Life over Time
Ecology
Plant Ecology
Adaptation
Environment
Climate
The Global-Warming Controversy
Ecological Interrelationships
Natural Recycling
Plant Succession
Plants and Human Welfare
Feeding an Increasing Population
Other Human Uses for Plants
Cultivated Plants
Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi
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