References
Selected References
Barrington, E. J. W. 1965. The biology of Hemichordata and Protochordata. San Francisco, W. H. Freeman & Company. Concise account of behavior, physiology, and reproduction of hemichordates, urochordates, and cephalochordates.
Bieri, R., and E. V. Thuesen. 1990. The strange worm Bathybelos. Am. Sci. 78:542–549. Bathybelos is a peculiar chaetognath with a dorsal nervous system, a characteristic shared in the animal kingdom only with Hemichordata and Chordata. The authors contend that the character in chaetognaths is convergent with that in hemichordates and chordates.
Svitii, K. A. 1993. It’s alive, and it’s a graptolite. Discover 14(7):18–19. Short account of the discovery of the “living fossil,” Cephalodiscus graptolitoides.
Thuesen, E. V., and K. Kogure, 1989. Bacterial production of tetrodotoxin in four species of Chaetognatha. Biol. Bull. 176:191–194. Chaetognaths use venom to enhance prey capture, and the venom (tetrodotoxin) is produced by bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus).
Barrington, E. J. W. 1965. The biology of Hemichordata and Protochordata. San Francisco, W. H. Freeman & Company. Concise account of behavior, physiology, and reproduction of hemichordates, urochordates, and cephalochordates.
Bieri, R., and E. V. Thuesen. 1990. The strange worm Bathybelos. Am. Sci. 78:542–549. Bathybelos is a peculiar chaetognath with a dorsal nervous system, a characteristic shared in the animal kingdom only with Hemichordata and Chordata. The authors contend that the character in chaetognaths is convergent with that in hemichordates and chordates.
Svitii, K. A. 1993. It’s alive, and it’s a graptolite. Discover 14(7):18–19. Short account of the discovery of the “living fossil,” Cephalodiscus graptolitoides.
Thuesen, E. V., and K. Kogure, 1989. Bacterial production of tetrodotoxin in four species of Chaetognatha. Biol. Bull. 176:191–194. Chaetognaths use venom to enhance prey capture, and the venom (tetrodotoxin) is produced by bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus).
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