References
Selected References
Alldredge, A. 1976. Appendicularians. Sci. Am. 235:94–102 (July). Describes the biology of larvaceans, which build delicate houses for trapping food.
Bone, Q. 1979. The origin of chordates. Oxford Biology Readers, No. 18, New York, Oxford University Press. Synthesis of hypotheses and range of disagreements bearing on an unsolved riddle.
Bowler, P. J. 1996. Life’s splendid drama: evolutionary biology and the reconstruction of life’s ancestry 1860–1940. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Thorough and eloquent exploration of scientific debates over reconstruction of history of life on earth; Cellular Metabolism treat theories of chordate and vertebrate origins.
Carroll, R. L. 1997. Patterns and processes of vertebrate evolution. New York, Cambridge University Press. A comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary processes that have influenced large-scale changes in vertebrate evolution.
Gans, C. 1989. Stages in the origin of vertebrates: analysis by means of scenarios. Biol. Rev. 64:221–268. Reviews the diagnostic characters of protochordates and ancestral vertebrates and presents a scenario for the protochordate-vertebrate transition.
Gould, S. J. 1989. Wonderful life: the Burgess Shale and the nature of history. New York, W.W. Norton & Company. In this section describing the marvelous Cambrian fossils of the Burgess Shale, Gould “saves the best for last” by inserting an epilogue on Pikaia, the first known chordate.
Gould, S. J. (ed.) 1993. The book of life. New York, W. W. Norton & Company. A sweeping, handsomely illustrated view of (almost entirely) vertebrate life.
Jeffries, R. P. S. 1986. The ancestry of the vertebrates. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Jeffries argues that the Calcichordata are the direct ancestors of the vertebrates, a view that most zoologists are not willing to accept. Still, this book is an excellent summary of the deuterostome groups and of the various competing hypotheses of vertebrate ancestry.
Long, J. A. 1995. The rise of fishes: 500 million years of evolution. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press. An authoritative, liberally illustrated evolutionary history of fishes.
Maisey, J. G. 1996. Discovering fossil fishes. New York, Henry Holt & Company. Handsomely illustrated chronology of fish evolution with cladistic analysis of evolutionary relationships.
Pough, F. H., J. B. Heiser, and W. N. McFarland. 1996. Vertebrate life, ed. 4. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Prentice Hall. Vertebrate morphology, physiology, ecology, and behavior cast in a cladistic framework.
Stokes, M. D., and N. D. Holland. 1998. The lancelet. Am. Sci. 86(6):552–560. Describes the historical role of amphioxus in early hypotheses of vertebrate ancestry and summarizes recent molecular data that has rekindled interest in amphioxus.
Alldredge, A. 1976. Appendicularians. Sci. Am. 235:94–102 (July). Describes the biology of larvaceans, which build delicate houses for trapping food.
Bone, Q. 1979. The origin of chordates. Oxford Biology Readers, No. 18, New York, Oxford University Press. Synthesis of hypotheses and range of disagreements bearing on an unsolved riddle.
Bowler, P. J. 1996. Life’s splendid drama: evolutionary biology and the reconstruction of life’s ancestry 1860–1940. Chicago, University of Chicago Press. Thorough and eloquent exploration of scientific debates over reconstruction of history of life on earth; Cellular Metabolism treat theories of chordate and vertebrate origins.
Carroll, R. L. 1997. Patterns and processes of vertebrate evolution. New York, Cambridge University Press. A comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary processes that have influenced large-scale changes in vertebrate evolution.
Gans, C. 1989. Stages in the origin of vertebrates: analysis by means of scenarios. Biol. Rev. 64:221–268. Reviews the diagnostic characters of protochordates and ancestral vertebrates and presents a scenario for the protochordate-vertebrate transition.
Gould, S. J. 1989. Wonderful life: the Burgess Shale and the nature of history. New York, W.W. Norton & Company. In this section describing the marvelous Cambrian fossils of the Burgess Shale, Gould “saves the best for last” by inserting an epilogue on Pikaia, the first known chordate.
Gould, S. J. (ed.) 1993. The book of life. New York, W. W. Norton & Company. A sweeping, handsomely illustrated view of (almost entirely) vertebrate life.
Jeffries, R. P. S. 1986. The ancestry of the vertebrates. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Jeffries argues that the Calcichordata are the direct ancestors of the vertebrates, a view that most zoologists are not willing to accept. Still, this book is an excellent summary of the deuterostome groups and of the various competing hypotheses of vertebrate ancestry.
Long, J. A. 1995. The rise of fishes: 500 million years of evolution. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press. An authoritative, liberally illustrated evolutionary history of fishes.
Maisey, J. G. 1996. Discovering fossil fishes. New York, Henry Holt & Company. Handsomely illustrated chronology of fish evolution with cladistic analysis of evolutionary relationships.
Pough, F. H., J. B. Heiser, and W. N. McFarland. 1996. Vertebrate life, ed. 4. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Prentice Hall. Vertebrate morphology, physiology, ecology, and behavior cast in a cladistic framework.
Stokes, M. D., and N. D. Holland. 1998. The lancelet. Am. Sci. 86(6):552–560. Describes the historical role of amphioxus in early hypotheses of vertebrate ancestry and summarizes recent molecular data that has rekindled interest in amphioxus.
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