References
Selected References
Alexander, R. M. 1982. Locomotion in animals. New York, Chapman and Hall. Concise, fully comparative treatment. Introduced with a discussion of “sources of power” followed by treatment of mechanisms and energetics of locomotion on land, in water, and in the air. Undergraduate level.
Alexander, R. M. 1991. How dinosaurs ran. Sci. Am. 264:130–136 (April). Did the Mesozoic dinosaurs plod sluggishly along or run? The author suggests they may have been formidable running machines.
Alexander, R. M. 1992. The human machine. New York, Columbia University Press. Describes all kinds of human movement with the human body viewed as an engineered machine. Well chosen illustrations. Caplan, A. J. 1984. Cartilage. Sci. Am. 251:84–94 (Oct.). Structure, aging and development of vertebrate cartilage.
Hadley, N. F. 1986. The arthropod cuticle. Sci. Am. 255:104–112 (July). Describes properties of this complex covering that account for much of the adaptive success of arthropods.
Leffell, D. J., and D. E. Brash. 1996. Sunlight and skin cancer. Sci. Am. 275:52–59 (July). Skin cancer that appears in older people begins with damage received decades earlier. Many cases are caused by a mutation in a single gene
.
McMahon, T. A. 1984. Muscles, reflexes, and locomotion. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Comprehensive, ranging from basic muscle mechanics to coordinated motion. Although sprinkled with mathematical models, the text is lucid throughout.
Nadel, E. R. 1985. Physiological adaptations to aerobic training. Am. Sci. 73(4):334–343 (July–Aug.). The studies reported here on energy conversion in muscle were crucial to the training of a pilot for the Daedalus project, the successful world record 119- kilometer flight of a human-powered aircraft in April, 1988 (reported in Am. Sci. July–Aug., 1988).
Shipman, P., A. Walker, and D. Bichell. 1985. The human skeleton. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press. Comprehensive view of the human skeleton.
Spearman, R. I. C. 1973. The integument: a textbook on skin biology. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Comparative treatment, embracing both invertebrates and vertebrates.
Stossel, T. P. 1994. The machinery of cell crawling. Sci. Am. 271:54–63 (Sept.). Cell crawling depends on the orderly assembly and disassembly of an actin protein scaffold.
Alexander, R. M. 1982. Locomotion in animals. New York, Chapman and Hall. Concise, fully comparative treatment. Introduced with a discussion of “sources of power” followed by treatment of mechanisms and energetics of locomotion on land, in water, and in the air. Undergraduate level.
Alexander, R. M. 1991. How dinosaurs ran. Sci. Am. 264:130–136 (April). Did the Mesozoic dinosaurs plod sluggishly along or run? The author suggests they may have been formidable running machines.
Alexander, R. M. 1992. The human machine. New York, Columbia University Press. Describes all kinds of human movement with the human body viewed as an engineered machine. Well chosen illustrations. Caplan, A. J. 1984. Cartilage. Sci. Am. 251:84–94 (Oct.). Structure, aging and development of vertebrate cartilage.
Hadley, N. F. 1986. The arthropod cuticle. Sci. Am. 255:104–112 (July). Describes properties of this complex covering that account for much of the adaptive success of arthropods.
Leffell, D. J., and D. E. Brash. 1996. Sunlight and skin cancer. Sci. Am. 275:52–59 (July). Skin cancer that appears in older people begins with damage received decades earlier. Many cases are caused by a mutation in a single gene
.
McMahon, T. A. 1984. Muscles, reflexes, and locomotion. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Comprehensive, ranging from basic muscle mechanics to coordinated motion. Although sprinkled with mathematical models, the text is lucid throughout.
Nadel, E. R. 1985. Physiological adaptations to aerobic training. Am. Sci. 73(4):334–343 (July–Aug.). The studies reported here on energy conversion in muscle were crucial to the training of a pilot for the Daedalus project, the successful world record 119- kilometer flight of a human-powered aircraft in April, 1988 (reported in Am. Sci. July–Aug., 1988).
Shipman, P., A. Walker, and D. Bichell. 1985. The human skeleton. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press. Comprehensive view of the human skeleton.
Spearman, R. I. C. 1973. The integument: a textbook on skin biology. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Comparative treatment, embracing both invertebrates and vertebrates.
Stossel, T. P. 1994. The machinery of cell crawling. Sci. Am. 271:54–63 (Sept.). Cell crawling depends on the orderly assembly and disassembly of an actin protein scaffold.
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